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Cotswold (Local Environment Profile 2011)

KEY FACTS

> Cotswold produced 856 kt of end user CO2 in 2008, the third highest for a local authority in Gloucestershire.

> Between 2005 and 2008, end user CO2 emissions decreased in Cotswold by 5.2%.

> The highest proportion of end user emissions in Cotswold in 2008 was Road Transport, accounting for 36.9% (316 kt), followed by Domestic with 32.4% (277 kt).

> Cotswold residents were responsible for a total of 10.2 tonnes of CO2 per capita in 2008. This was the second highest recorded by a local authority in Gloucestershire and the seventh highest in the region.

> Between 2005 and 2008 per capita emissions reduced in Cotswold from 11.0t to 10.2t.

> There are 34 river water bodies within Cotswold. Our latest assessment of these classified 8.8% as bad, 14.7% as poor, 32.4% as moderate and 44.1% as good.

> The highest rate of recycling in the South West was Cotswold District Council with 60.4%.

> Cotswold District Council had the third lowest amount of residual waste in the South West with 358.83kg/household. This was the lowest to be produced in Gloucestershire

> Gloucestershire County Council  landfilled 178,046 tonnes, which was the third highest amount of tonnes landfilled in the South West. This was also the fourth highest percentage landfilled (60.76%) in the South West.

> The population of Cotswold was estimated to be 83,500 in June 2010, 1.6% of the South West’s total population of 5,273,700.

> Between 2008-2033 the number of households in Cotswold are predicted to increase by 27.8% from 36,000 to 46,000. This is lower than the 30% increase predicted for the Region and higher than the predicted increase for England (21.1%).

> Larger population centres at risk of flooding include Cirencester

> Cotswold Council is covered in the main by the Cotswold CAMS. There are four other CAMS which influence small areas of Cotswold District.  

> In 2006, Cotswold had the highest eco footprint in Gloucestershire with 5.23gha. This was also the highest in the South West Region. The lowest in Gloucestershire was in Gloucester with 4.52gha.

> Gloucestershire County Council had an allocation of 113,928 tonnes and landfilled 116,639 tonnes (102.4%)  of their BMW. This was the highest reported in the South West. Only two councils in the South West exceeded their allocations. They were Gloucestershire County Council and South Gloucestershire Council.  

Gloucestershire County (showing all districts)
Gloucestershire County (showing all districts)
GloucesterForest of DeanStroudCheltenhamTewkesburyCotswold
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CARBON DIOXIDE - END USER

  • Cotswold produced 856 kt of end user CO2 in 2008, the third highest for a local authority in Gloucestershire. The highest was Stroud with 1,048 kt and the lowest was Cheltenham with 646 kt.
  • Between 2005 and 2008, end user CO2 emissions decreased in Cotswold by 5.2%, from 903 kt to 856 kt.
  • The highest proportion of end user emissions in Cotswold in 2008 was Road Transport, accounting for 36.9% (316 kt), followed by Domestic with 32.4% (277 kt).

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CO2 Levels 2005-08: Cotswold
CO2 Levels 2005-08: Cotswold
  • Cotswold residents were responsible for a total of 10.2 tonnes of CO2 per capita in 2008, 18% higher than the 8.3 tonnes average for Gloucestershire and 27% higher than the South West 7.8 tonnes per capita. This was the second highest recorded by a local authority in Gloucestershire and the seventh highest in the region.
  • Between 2005 and 2008 per capita emissions reduced in Cotswold from 11.0t to 10.2t.

Please note - we are reporting on end user CO2 emissions, which are used as the National Indictor for Sustainable Development for the UK. An alternative measure of CO2 is available from the Stockholm Institute. As the data presented is from 2008, the local authority comparisons for the South West include district authorities in Cornwall and Wiltshire which have now been replaced by Unitary Authorities.

Source: Sub-national energy consumption statistics, DECC

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

  • There were 40,600 domestic electricity meter points in Cotswold in 2009, 2% of the regional total of almost 2.4 million.
  • An average of 5,464kWh of electricity was used per consumer in Cotswold during 2009, 23% (1,016kWh) higher than the regional average of 4,448kWh and 32% (1,312kWh) higher than the Great Britain average of 4,152kWh. This was the highest recorded by a local authority in Gloucestershire, the lowest for the County was Cheltenham with 3,997kWh.

Source: AEA for DECC
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Energy Consumption 2005-09: Cotswold
Energy Consumption 2005-09: Cotswold

TRANSPORT

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Estimated traffic volume in Gloucestershire (1993-2009)
A graph showing estimated traffic volume in Gloucestershire (1993-2009)

COMMUTING

  • Driving to work is the most popular way to commute. In Cotswold 60.3% commute by car compared to the South West average of 58.7%.

  • Walking to work in Cotswold with 12.0% is slightly lower than the South West average of 12.1%, but higher than the UK average of 10.0% of commuters.

Source: Office of National Statistics

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travelling to work in Cotswold
A graph comparing methods of travelling to work in Cotswold, the SW, and UK (2001)
Protect and improve air, land and water quality

AIR QUALITY

  • Cotswold has declared one area of Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) in Birdlip.

  • Please click here if you require more information.

Source: DEFRA

WATER QUALITY

  • There are 34 river water bodies within Cotswold. Our latest assessment of these classified 8.8% as bad, 14.7% as poor, 32.4% as moderate and 44.1% as good.

  • This compares with 94 river water bodies within Gloucestershire. Our latest assessment of these classified 3.2% as bad, 13.8% as poor, 60.6% as moderate and 22.3% as good.

  • The main reasons for less than good status include : higher levels of phosphate, and periodic low flows.

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WFD water bodies from Gloucestershire
A map showing Water Framework Directive (WFD) water bodies from Gloucestershire

Please note - Water bodies do not fit exactly within local authority boundaries. The figures have been derived from those water bodies whose centres are within the district in question. If all water bodies within a district had been included, double accounting would have taken place. Some water bodies have yet to be classified. For the purpose of this exercise, these have been removed from the figures published.

Source: Environment Agency  

LAND USE

  • In Cotswold,  the two largest landuses are the same, however domestic gardens is lower with 1.6% and greenspace is a little higher with 94.9%.
  • In 2005 both the South West Region and the UK, the largest landuse came from Greenspace with 90.7% and 87.5% respectively. The next largest area of land cover came in the form of domestic gardens with 3.07% in the South West, and 4.3% for the UK average.

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Landuse in Cotswold
A graph showing the Landuse in Cotswold (2005)

QUALITY OF LIFE

~ Overall Standards within England remain the same as last year, with no change in the Cleansing Index score, which is 76, out of a possible 100.

~ 63% of standards for all LEQ indicators were either Good or Satisfactory.

~ The South East joins the South West as top performing region overall, for the first time this year.

~ The South West has been either the top performing region or joint top performing region since the 2007/08 Survey.   

Source: Keep Britain Tidy

NITRATE VULNERABLE ZONES

  • Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) are areas of land that drain into waters polluted by nitrates, such that the ecosystem is at risk of being disturbed, or the water is likely to exceed 50 milligrams of nitrate in each litre.
  • Within Cotswold Council, most of the area is designated NVZ and a number of smaller areas of deferred slurry storage.
  • NVZ regulations come fully into force on 1 Jan 2012, except in deferred Slurry storage areas which have until 1 Jan 2013.
  • For more information on NVZ, please see Environment Agency pages.
  • For detailed maps relating to NVZ areas, please see source pages.

Source: Environment Agency

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Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) in Cotswold (2010)
Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) in Cotswold (2010)

CATCHMENT SENSITIVE FARMING

  • Catchment Sensitive Farming (CSF) gives advice on dealing with diffuse pollution from agriculture and the impact on water courses. 
  • CSF is a voluntary initiative, where as NVZs is a statutory obligation. CSF looks at : best practice on manure and pesticide usage; Promoting good soil structure; protecting watercourses from run-off and best practice on stock management.
  • There are no Catchment Sensitive Farming projects in this area.

Source: Environment Agency

POLLUTION INCIDENTS

  • For the period April 2005-March 2010 inc, there were 2 incidents of major impact to water, and a further incident of major impact to air, land and water. In addition there were 2 incidents of significant impact to water.

  • For the period April 2010- March 2011 inc, there were no incidents of major impact to land, air or water in Cotswold District area.

  • For the same period there was 1 incident of significant impact to land, and a further incident impacting both land and water significantly.

Source : Environment Agency

FLYTIPPING

  • During 2009/10 there were 499 reported incidents of flytipping in Cotswold, the third highest in Gloucestershire. This was a 12% increase from 445 incidents in 2008/09. There was 1 prosecution for flytipping, which had a successful outcome.

Source: DEFRA

Please note: incidents of fly tipping are reported differently by each council. One may log black bin bags out on an incorrect day as a fly tipping incident where another council do not log this. Please be aware of these reporting discrepancies on Flycapture when looking at the data in comparison to other councils.

MUNICIPAL WASTE

  • Cotswold District Council had the third lowest amount of residual waste in the South West with 358.83kg/household. This was the lowest to be produced in Gloucestershire.

  • In 2009/10, South Hams had the lowest level of residual waste in the South West with 341.04kg/household. The highest in the South West was Isles of Scilly Council with 1,452kg/household. 

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Recycling in the South West (2009/10)
Recycling in the South West (2009/10)
  • Recycling and composting has increased significantly in the South West, from 14.9% in 2000 / 2001 to 43.5% in 2009 / 2010.

  • The highest rate of recycling in the SW was Cotswold District Council with 60.4%,  and the lowest rate in the SW was Isles of Scilly with 18.9%.

Source: DEFRA  

TOTAL MUNICIPAL WASTE

  • Bournemouth Borough Council landfilled the least percentage waste in 2009/10 (37.8%). Plymouth City Council landfilled the largest percentage of waste in 2009/10 (64%).  Devon County Council however landfilled the largest amount in tonnes with 194,720 tonnes. 

  • Gloucestershire County Council  landfilled 178,046 tonnes, which was the third highest amount of tonnes landfilled in the South West. This was also the fourth highest percentage landfilled (60.76%) in the South West.

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Gloucestershire Waste disposal
A graph showing Gloucestershire Waste disposal
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POPULATION

  • The population of Cotswold was estimated to be 83,500 in June 2010, 1.6% of the South West’s total population of 5,273,700.
  • Of this population 17.2% were aged under 15, 60.7% were of working age (16 – 64), and 22.2% were of pensionable age (65+).
  • There were slightly more people of pensionable age in Cotswold (22.2%) when compared with the South West Region or England (19.6% and 16.5% respectively).

Source : Office of National Statistics

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Population Growth in the South West: 2008-2033
Population Growth in the South West: 2008-2033

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS

  • Between 2008-2033 the number of households in Cotswold are predicted to increase by 27.8% from 36,000 to 46,000. This is lower than the 30% increase predicted for the Region and higher than the predicted increase for England (21.1%).
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Household Estimate and Projections 1991-2033: Cotswold
Household Estimate and Projections 1991-2033: Cotswold

Please note - Figures to 2008 are based on ONS mid-year population estimates and projected rates of household formation from trends in Census and Labour Force Survey data. All projections are 2008-based. The 2008-based household projections are linked to the Office for National Statistics 2008-based Population Projections, and are not an assessment of housing need or do not take account of future policies. They are an indication of the likely increase in households given the continuation of recent demographic trends.

Source: Communities and Local Government

NEW HOMES ON PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED LAND

  • The proportion of new buildings built in England on previously developed land, rose 23% between 1994-2009. More than half of local authorities in the South West has an increase higher than the English average.

  • Over the same period, South Gloucestershire had the highest overall increase with 57%, and the lowest was Isles of Scilly with -10%. The second lowest local authority was  jointly Cotswold and Torbay with only a 5% increase over the same period.

  • For the period  2006-2009, only 4 councils achieved over 90% of new dwellings on previously developed land in the South West. These were Bournemouth (97), Poole (97%), City of Bristol (95%) and Christchurch (94%).

Source: Communities and Local Government

FLOODING

  • One in six properties in England are at risk of flooding.  In the South West over 200,000 properties are at risk of flooding from rivers or the sea and around 6,000 properties are at risk from coastal erosion in the South West.

  • The causes of flooding in Gloucestershire are varied; rivers, and surface water or combinations of the two, depending on location.

  • Larger population centres at risk of flooding in Cotswold include Cirencester

  • To see locations at risk of flooding in Cotswold, please click here for the Environment Agency flood map.

Source: Environment Agency

PLANNING APPLICATIONS AND FLOOD RISK

  • The Environment Agency lodged objections to 6,200 planning applications in England and Wales on the grounds of flood risk in 2007/2008 up from 4,750 in 2006/2007. Of these, 1,160 objections were in the South West, accounting for almost 19% of the national total. 
  • An additional 21 applications for minor development were also approved contrary to Environment Agency advice in the South West.  None of these was in Cotswold.  

  • In 2008/09, a summary report was published which had no detailed information to local authority level.

  • The number of planning applications to which we objected on flood risk grounds fell slightly to 5,198 in 2008/09 compared to 6,232 in 2007/08, representing 43% of consultations received. This is the first fall in the proportion of consultations objected to since 2001/02.

Source: Environment Agency

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WATER RESOURCES

  • Cotswold Council is covered in the main by the Cotswold CAMS. There are four other CAMS which influence small areas of Cotswold District.  
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Catchment Area Management Strategy (CAMS) for Gloucestershire
Catchment Area Management Strategy (CAMS) for Gloucestershire

 

 

Source: Environment Agency

ECO FOOTPRINT

  • The ecological footprint is an indicator of the total environmental burden we place on the planet. It represents the area of land needed to provide raw materials, energy and food, and to absorb pollution and waste created. It is measured in global hectares (a hectare of land with world average productivity) and is usually expressed as a per person measure. The Stockholm Environmental Institute (SEI) calculates the ecological footprint of consumption activities.
  • One of the main features of an ecological footprint indicator is that it is based on consumption, not just domestic production. It takes into account the impact of all products that are consumed, whether they are produced in the country of consumption, or elsewhere in the world.
  • In 2006, an average UK citizen had an eco-footprint of 4.64gha, which is significantly above the available budget of 1.89 gha. The South West Regional average was 4.74 gha.
  • In 2006, Cotswold had the highest eco footprint in Gloucestershire with 5.23gha. This was also the highest in the South West Region. The lowest in Gloucestershire was in Gloucester with 4.52gha.
  • The ecological footprint of all local authorities in the UK is significantly above the available global budget. If everyone in the world consumed the same as a UK citizen we would need nearly three planets worth of resources.

Source:  Resource Accounting

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Cotswold Eco footprint
A graph showing the Cotswold Eco footprint (2006) by themes

LANDFILL ALLOWANCE TRADING SCHEME

  • In 2009/10 the amount of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW)  landfilled by the 16 local authorities within the South West was 1,032,967 tonnes against their combined allocation of 1,134,910 tonnes.

  • Gloucestershire County Council had an allocation of 113,928 tonnes and landfilled 116,639 tonnes (102.4%)  of their BMW. This was the highest reported in the South West. Only two councils in the South West exceeded their allocations. They were Gloucestershire County Council and South Gloucestershire Council.

 Source: Environment Agency

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Amount landfilled in 09/10 within the South West
Amount landfilled in 09/10 within the South West